1. Who was the 23rd Tirthankara of Jainism?
Option C
Parshvanatha was the 23rd Tirthankara of Jainism and preceded Mahavira.
2. What is the birthplace of Gautama Buddha?
Option C
Gautama Buddha was born at Lumbini, which is located in present-day Nepal.
3. What is the symbol of Mahavira?
Option B
The lion is the symbol associated with Mahavira, representing strength and courage.
4. Which event is known as Buddha’s death?
Option A
Buddha’s death is referred to as Mahaparinirvana, marking his final liberation from the cycle of rebirth.
5. Which language was used in early Jain scriptures?
Option B
Early Jain texts were composed in Prakrit, a language understood by common people.
6. Which place is associated with Buddha’s enlightenment?
Option B
Buddha attained enlightenment at Bodh Gaya under the Bodhi tree.
7. What is the meaning of ‘Jina’ in Jainism?
Option C
‘Jina’ means conqueror—one who has conquered desires and attained liberation.
8. Which of the following is a key teaching of Buddhism?
Option A
The Four Noble Truths form the foundation of Buddhist teachings about suffering and its cessation.
9. Which of the following places is associated with Jainism?
Option C
Shravanabelagola in Karnataka is a major Jain pilgrimage site known for the statue of Bahubali.
10. What does ‘Dhamma’ mean in Buddhism?
Option B
Dhamma refers to the teachings or doctrine of Buddha that guide individuals towards enlightenment.
11. Which vow in Jainism emphasizes celibacy?
Option D
Brahmacharya (celibacy) is one of the five great vows (Mahavratas) emphasized strongly by Mahavira.
12. Which Buddhist council resulted in the first major schism in Buddhism?
Option B
The Second Buddhist Council at Vaishali led to the first schism between the Sthaviravadins and Mahasanghikas over monastic practices.
13. Which Jain term refers to the inflow of karmic particles into the soul?
Option C
Asrava refers to the influx of karmic matter into the soul due to actions and passions.
14. Which Buddhist concept refers to the wheel of life and death?
Option C
Samsara represents the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth governed by karma.
15. Which Buddhist text deals primarily with monastic discipline?
Option B
Vinaya Pitaka contains rules and regulations for the Buddhist monastic community (Sangha).
16. Which Jain concept means ‘binding of karma to the soul’?
Option B
Bandha refers to the process by which karmic particles attach to the soul.
17. Which concept in Buddhism refers to impermanence?
Option B
Anicca means impermanence—everything in the world is constantly changing.
18. Which Jain doctrine emphasizes multiple viewpoints of truth?
Option B
Anekantavada teaches that reality is complex and can be understood from multiple perspectives.
19. Which Buddhist doctrine denies a permanent self?
Option B
Anatta means ‘no-self’, rejecting the existence of a permanent soul.
20. Which Jain concept refers to shedding of karma?
Option C
Nirjara is the process of removing accumulated karmic particles from the soul.
21. Which Buddhist doctrine explains the twelve-linked chain of causation leading to suffering?
Option C
Pratityasamutpada (Dependent Origination) explains the 12-link chain showing how suffering arises through interdependent causes.
22. Which Jain concept refers to non-living substances including matter and space?
Option B
Ajiva includes non-living entities like matter (pudgala), space (akasha), time, motion, and rest.
23. Which part of the Eightfold Path is directly related to ethical conduct?
Option B
Ethical conduct (Sila) in Buddhism includes Right Speech, Right Action, and Right Livelihood.
24. Which Jain concept represents the influx of karmic particles due to actions?
Option A
Asrava refers to the inflow of karmic matter into the soul caused by activities and passions.
25. Which Buddhist aggregate (Skandha) refers to physical form?
Option A
Rupa represents the material or physical form among the five aggregates of existence.
26. Which Jain doctrine states that truth can be expressed in multiple conditional ways?
Option B
Syadvada explains that statements about reality are conditional and depend on perspective.
27. Which Buddhist sect emphasizes the Bodhisattva ideal and universal salvation?
Option B
Mahayana Buddhism promotes the Bodhisattva ideal, aiming for enlightenment for all beings.
28. Which concept in Buddhism refers to dissatisfaction or suffering inherent in life?
Option A
Dukkha refers to suffering, dissatisfaction, or unease, a central concept in Buddhist teachings.
29. Which Jain philosophical category represents time?
Option C
Kala (time) is one of the six dravyas in Jain philosophy, enabling change and continuity.
30. Which Buddhist concept explains that desire leads to suffering?
Option B
Tanha (craving or desire) is identified as the main cause of suffering in the Second Noble Truth.
31. Which Buddhist concept explains the doctrine of momentariness of all phenomena?
Option A
Kshanikavada states that all elements of existence are momentary and constantly changing.
32. Which Jain doctrine describes the accumulation of karma due to passions?
Option B
Bandha refers to the binding of karmic particles to the soul caused by actions and passions.
33. Which Buddhist philosophical school is associated with the concept of “emptiness” (Shunyata)?
Option A
Madhyamaka philosophy, founded by Nagarjuna, emphasizes Shunyata or emptiness as the nature of reality.
34. Which Jain concept represents the prevention of karmic inflow through discipline?
Option A
Samvara stops new karmic particles from entering the soul through ethical conduct and self-control.
35. Which part of the Eightfold Path includes Right Effort, Right Mindfulness, and Right Concentration?
Option B
Samadhi represents mental discipline and includes practices that develop concentration and mindfulness.
36. Which Jain philosophical concept asserts that reality is complex and multi-dimensional?
Option B
Anekantavada teaches that reality has multiple aspects and cannot be fully understood from a single viewpoint.
37. Which Buddhist aggregate (Skandha) is associated with consciousness?
Option D
Vijnana refers to consciousness, one of the five aggregates that make up human existence.
38. Which Jain concept represents the shedding of accumulated karma?
Option C
Nirjara is the process of eliminating accumulated karmic matter from the soul.
39. Which Buddhist doctrine explains that suffering arises due to ignorance and craving?
Option B
Dependent Origination explains how ignorance (Avidya) and craving (Tanha) lead to suffering and rebirth.
40. Which Jain concept represents the complete liberation of the soul?
Option D
Moksha is the ultimate goal where the soul is freed from all karmic bonds and attains eternal bliss.
41. Which Jain epistemological category represents direct, sensory knowledge?
Option B
Mati Jnana is knowledge gained through sense perception and mental processing.
42. In Buddhist philosophy, which Skandha includes feelings such as pleasure and pain?
Option B
Vedana refers to sensations or feelings, including pleasure, pain, and neutrality.
43. Which Buddhist concept describes the storehouse of karmic impressions in Yogachara philosophy?
Option A
Alayavijnana is the ‘storehouse consciousness’ that contains all karmic seeds in Yogachara Buddhism.
44. Which Jain concept explains the transformation of karmic particles into experiential results?
Option B
Udaya refers to the fruition or manifestation of karmic particles into experiences in life.
45. Which Buddhist philosophical concept asserts that all dharmas are empty of intrinsic nature?
Option B
Shunyata means that all phenomena lack inherent, independent existence.
46. In Jain metaphysics, which dravya enables motion of objects?
Option B
Dharma dravya in Jainism acts as the medium that facilitates motion (not moral law).
47. Which Buddhist school is associated with the doctrine of “middle path” philosophy between extremes?
Option A
Madhyamaka, founded by Nagarjuna, advocates the middle path between eternalism and nihilism.
48. Which Jain philosophical doctrine emphasizes conditional assertion of truth?
Option B
Syadvada explains that all statements are conditional and depend on perspective.
49. Which Buddhist doctrine explains that consciousness arises dependent on conditions?
Option B
Dependent Origination states that all phenomena, including consciousness, arise due to interconnected causes.
50. Which Jain doctrine states that liberation is achieved through right faith, knowledge, and conduct?
Option B
Ratnatraya (Three Jewels) forms the core path to liberation in Jainism.