1. Who was the founder of Buddhism?
Option B
Gautama Buddha, also known as Siddhartha Gautama, founded Buddhism after attaining enlightenment.
2. Where did Buddha attain enlightenment?
Option C
Buddha attained enlightenment under the Bodhi tree at Bodh Gaya in Bihar.
3. What is the place of birth of Mahavira?
Option B
Mahavira was born at Kundagrama near Vaishali in present-day Bihar.
4. Which of the following is the first sermon of Buddha called?
Option A
The first sermon of Buddha at Sarnath is known as Dharmachakra Pravartana, meaning ‘Turning of the Wheel of Law’.
5. Which animal is the symbol of Rishabhanatha?
Option C
Rishabhanatha, the first Tirthankara of Jainism, is symbolized by a bull.
6. Which place is associated with Buddha’s Mahaparinirvana?
Option B
Buddha attained Mahaparinirvana (death) at Kushinagar.
7. What is the meaning of ‘Buddha’?
Option C
The term ‘Buddha’ means ‘the awakened or enlightened one’ who has attained supreme knowledge.
8. Which vow is common to both Jainism and Buddhism?
Option A
Both religions emphasize non-violence (Ahimsa) as a core ethical principle.
9. Which of the following is a sacred place for Buddhists?
Option C
Sarnath is where Buddha delivered his first sermon.
10. What does ‘Nirvana’ signify in Buddhism?
Option B
Nirvana is the state of liberation where all suffering and desires cease.
11. Which language were the Jain Agamas primarily composed in?
Option B
Jain Agamas were written in Prakrit to make teachings accessible to common people.
12. Which concept in Buddhism refers to moral law of cause and effect?
Option B
Karma in Buddhism refers to actions and their consequences, influencing future rebirths.
13. Which Jain Tirthankara preceded Mahavira?
Option A
Parshvanatha was the 23rd Tirthankara and immediate predecessor of Mahavira.
14. Which Buddhist concept means ‘community of monks’?
Option D
Sangha refers to the monastic community that preserves and spreads Buddhist teachings.
15. Which Jain principle emphasizes truthfulness?
Option B
Satya (truthfulness) is one of the five great vows in Jainism.
16. Which Buddhist text is a collection of moral teachings in verse form?
Option B
Dhammapada contains the sayings of Buddha in verse form, focusing on ethics and moral conduct.
17. Which vow in Jainism relates to non-stealing?
Option C
Asteya means not taking anything that is not willingly given.
18. Which concept in Buddhism refers to desire as a cause of suffering?
Option A
Tanha (craving) is identified as the root cause of suffering in the Second Noble Truth.
19. Which Jain vow emphasizes non-possession?
Option C
Aparigraha teaches detachment from material possessions and desires.
20. Which place is associated with Buddha’s first sermon?
Option B
Buddha delivered his first sermon at Sarnath, known as Dharmachakra Pravartana.
21. Which Buddhist doctrine explains the absence of a permanent self?
Option C
Anatta (no-self) is a core Buddhist teaching that denies the existence of a permanent soul or self.
22. Which Jain concept refers to the stopping of new karma from entering the soul?
Option C
Samvara is the process of blocking the inflow of karma through discipline and control over actions.
23. Which Buddhist council was held at Vaishali?
Option B
The Second Buddhist Council was held at Vaishali to resolve disputes regarding monastic discipline.
24. What is the Jain concept of ‘Ajiva’?
Option A
Ajiva refers to non-living elements such as matter, space, time, and motion in Jain philosophy.
25. Which part of the Eightfold Path is related to mental discipline?
Option B
Mental discipline (Samadhi) includes Right Effort, Right Mindfulness, and Right Concentration.
26. Which Jain doctrine explains the shedding of accumulated karma?
Option B
Nirjara refers to the removal or shedding of accumulated karmic matter from the soul.
27. Which Buddhist sect emphasizes strict monastic discipline and original teachings?
Option A
Theravada Buddhism focuses on early teachings of Buddha and strict adherence to monastic discipline.
28. Which concept in Buddhism refers to the impermanence of all things?
Option A
Anicca means impermanence, indicating that all conditioned things are constantly changing.
29. Which Jain sect believes that women can attain liberation?
Option B
Svetambara sect allows women to achieve liberation, unlike Digambara which denies it.
30. Which Buddhist concept explains ignorance as the root cause of the cycle of rebirth?
Option B
Avidya (ignorance) is the root cause in the chain of dependent origination, leading to suffering and rebirth.
31. Which Buddhist doctrine explains the chain of twelve links leading to rebirth?
Option C
Pratityasamutpada (Dependent Origination) explains the twelve-linked chain of cause and effect leading to suffering and rebirth.
32. Which Jain concept denotes the bondage of the soul due to karma?
Option B
Bandha refers to the binding of karmic particles to the soul due to actions and passions.
33. Which Buddhist school emphasizes meditation and insight (Vipassana)?
Option A
Theravada Buddhism focuses on meditation practices like Vipassana for gaining insight into reality.
34. Which Jain concept refers to stopping the inflow of karmic particles?
Option A
Samvara is the process of preventing new karma from entering the soul through discipline and right conduct.
35. Which part of the Eightfold Path deals with wisdom (Prajna)?
Option A
Wisdom (Prajna) includes Right View and Right Intention, which guide understanding and decision-making.
36. Which Jain philosophical concept states that truth can be expressed in seven ways?
Option B
Saptabhangi is the sevenfold predication system used to explain the complexity of truth in Jain philosophy.
37. Which Buddhist concept explains that all things lack inherent existence?
Option B
Shunyata (emptiness) means that all phenomena are empty of inherent, independent existence.
38. Which Jain concept represents the inflow of karmic matter into the soul?
Option A
Asrava refers to the entry of karmic particles into the soul due to actions and desires.
39. Which Buddhist doctrine emphasizes impermanence as a universal truth?
Option B
Anicca teaches that all conditioned things are impermanent and constantly changing.
40. Which Jain concept refers to liberation through removal of all karmic bonds?
Option D
Moksha is the ultimate goal in Jainism, achieved when the soul is free from all karmic attachments.
41. Which Jain philosophical doctrine integrates conditional predication into seven logical statements?
Option D
Saptabhangi is the sevenfold logical framework in Jain philosophy that expands Syadvada into seven conditional viewpoints.
42. In Buddhist Abhidhamma, which element represents mental formations?
Option C
Sankhara refers to mental formations or volitional activities among the five aggregates in Buddhist philosophy.
43. Which Buddhist philosophical school is closely associated with Yogachara thought?
Option A
Yogachara is also known as Vijnanavada, emphasizing consciousness as the fundamental reality.
44. Which Jain concept describes karmic particles as subtle matter binding the soul?
Option A
Pudgala refers to matter, including karmic particles that bind to the soul in Jain philosophy.
45. Which Buddhist doctrine asserts that reality lies between eternalism and nihilism?
Option B
Madhyamaka philosophy, founded by Nagarjuna, advocates the ‘Middle Way’ between extremes of eternalism and nihilism.
46. In Jain metaphysics, which category represents the medium of motion?
Option C
Dharma Dravya in Jainism is the medium that enables motion, not to be confused with moral ‘dharma’.
47. Which Buddhist concept explains storehouse consciousness?
Option B
Alayavijnana in Yogachara Buddhism refers to the storehouse of all karmic impressions.
48. Which Jain concept represents the medium of rest?
Option A
Adharma Dravya is the medium that allows rest or stillness in Jain metaphysics.
49. Which Buddhist philosophical concept denies both absolute existence and non-existence?
Option B
Shunyata (emptiness) asserts that phenomena are devoid of inherent existence, avoiding extremes of existence and non-existence.
50. Which Jain doctrine explains that reality is composed of six fundamental substances?
Option C
Jain Dravya theory states that reality consists of six substances: Jiva, Pudgala, Dharma, Adharma, Akasha, and Kala.